Coating



Patented Mar.11,1941 l 2,234,237 I' UNITED STATES PATENT oi-Flcs IT.Herbert E. Feist, New York, N. Y. Application October 31, 1936, SerialNo.- 108,611

1 Claim. (Cl. 91--68) y My invention relates to the' finishing of thethroughout and is pliable to a certain degree, so surface of objects ofany kind, and more parthat it maybeappliedto backings of metal,Woodticularly to a coating material adapted t be work, `fibre-board andmay withstand small applied to backings of any kind, such as tosurchanges of the length of the surface of such 5 faces of walls,wallboards, woodwork, potteries, backings. Furthermore, the mass isre-resist- 5 metals and other materials and to a method for ant. Thehardened coating may be burnishedl the production of decorating coatingson. said under application of, pressure, whereby the above surfaces.mentioned minute pores on the surface will be One of the objects of myinvention is to provide closed and the surface obtains a high-,glossyapa non-inflammable coating material, whichin Demme-While the thustreated mass may form 1 plastic condition is applied to. a surface, maybe theilnal coating of an object or article, still more provided with arelief design while being in plastic attractive and new eects may beobtained, if

condition and dries and hardens in the air in such the hardened mass isused as an intermediate laya way, that prior to the drying the massapplied er and a covering of metal particles is depositedk to thesurface smooths to a certain degree, so thereon and secured thereto.Said covering 0r .15

that the nnal relief has no sharp ridges or peaks. finishing may beapplied either to the entire sur- Another object of my invention is to'provide face of the intermediate layer or to parts thereof a plasticcoating material, which after the hardonly, for example to theprojecting or raised parts ening results in a solid mass having minutepores of the relief. Hereinafter I describe several meththroughout andmay be burnished...1mder the odsfor the productionof coatings withcoverings, 20

application of pressure. whereby the term "metallized coating shallindi- Still another object of my invention is to procate; that thecoating is provided with a metal vide methods to apply and permanentlysecure a `covering.

metalliccovering to parts or the entire surface \In the accompanyingdrawing several embcdi- 25 of a coating applied to a backing, such asthe ments of my coating are illustrated. r

surface of a wall, wallboard, woodwork, metals... Fig. 1 shows afractional top plan view of a potteries and other materials in a manner,which backing, a wall for example, to the surface of may be carried outby any person withcut`dimwhich my new coating provided with a reliefculties. design is applied.

A further object of my invention consists in Fig. 2 showsacross-sectional view of the back 30 the production of metallized orgilded picture ing, taken on line 2-2 of Fig 1- frames, whereby thehitherto necessary plurality Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view ofavportion of intermediate layers; which substantially conof the backingin an enlarged scale, illustrating sist of a mixture of gypsum and glue,and the laythe interstices or pores on the surface of the 35 .er of apolishable material or materials may be coating.

omitted, so that the expenses for the production Fig. 4 shows across-sectional view similar to are considerably `decreased andminimized. Fig. 3, whereby, however, the coating forms an In order tocarry out my invention into pracintermediate layer and the surfacethereof is protice, I mix ground minerals consisting of one vided with ametal covering or finishing, so that 40 or ay plurality of the followinggroups as silicates, a metallized coating is obtained.

volcanic minerals or calcareous minerals, with According to oneembodiment of my invention binding means containing at least twodifferent to produce a metallized coating, I apply the glues.Preferably, the minerals used have dierabove mentioned pasty mass to-thesurface of ent sizes of grain-and degree of hardness. The a backing,such asl of aA wall or an article, by

addition of water to such a mixture results in a means of a brush or aspraying gun. Thenv a re- 45 plastic mass, which may be applied to thebacking lief design is imparted to the plastic coatingr in either byhand' or by a mechanical process'. By the above mentioned manner, andthe coating means of suitable tools, such as a brush, a comb, obtainsthe appearance as shown in Figs. 1 .and 2. a roller, a sponge, a spatulaor the like, a relief After the drying and hardening of the coatingdesign may be imparted to the'plastic coating or intermediate layerametal brush with. thin 50 being still wet, if desired. On exposure toair bristles (metal wires) of a diameter of less than .l the coatingdries and hardens thereby enhancing mm. is rubbed on the surface of theintermediate the strength of the material or the object, to layer. Thematerial of the bristles used for this which it is applied. The hardenedmass has purpose may be a metal or a metalalloy, such minute and hardlyvisible pores or interstice's as gold, silver, copper, brass. bronze,nickel-silver 55 Cil liquid binder,

rubbed on the entire moistied surface or a part or even steel. Althoughthe hardness of the metal. or metal alloy may be higher than the averagehardness of the composition forming the intermediate layer, particles ofthe metal are Vdetached or rubbed' olf from themetal bristles during therubbing operation by means of those mineral grains interspersed in saidcomposition, which have a hardness higher than the hardness of themetal. The detached metal particles settle in the pores or interstices(see Fig. 3) on the surface of the mass and fill out the pores, as shownin Fig. 4. Thereupon the metal layer deposited on the intermediate layermay be polished by means of a polishing tool or burnisher under theapplication of pressure. 'Ihe tool may be made vof agate for example.During this polishing operation the detached metal particles are firmlypressed into the pores and interstices of the surface of the mass anddisplaced in such a way, that they form a covering or nishing, which hasthe appearance of an uninterrupted, smooth and bright metal covering. f

Another method to metallize a part or the Whole of thesurface oi' thehardened intermediate layer consists therein, that a round piece ofmetal is l rubbed on the surface of the layer. The metal particlesdetached from the rod consisting of a metal or metal alloy are depositedin the pores or interstices of the surface. If the metal rod is .drawnover or rubbed on the` layer under the application of sufcient pressure,a special subsequent polishing operation by means of a polishing toolmay be omitted, as the metal covering produced by the rod obtains asuiilcient smoothness 4 and brightness.

The coating mass and the metal covering, which'are produced according toeither one of the above mentioned methods, may .be protected against theiniluence of the atmosphere by a protecting or decorating layer ofvarnish or lacquer thereon.

Still another methodfor the production of a metallized coating surfaceof the intermediate layer applied to the backing; is moistened by meansof water or a whereupon a metal powder is thereof by means of a cloth orbrush. The metal covering thus formed is polished by means of aburnisher or the like under the application' ofv pressure. Subsequent tothe polishing operation applied to the metal covering to pro- Instead ofrst moistening the surface of the intermediate layer, it is alsopossible to/prepare a suspension of ametal pow-v der in a suitablebinder and to apply same immediately on the surface-'of the hardenedintermediate layer Without moistening same, Then the metal covering thusobtained is polished in the manner mentioned above. Finally, aprotecting layer of lacquer may be applied to the metal covering,lf'desired. Similar to the methods mentioned in the 'foregoingparagraphs, these two methods may be used for the production fmetallized coatings on walls, wall-boardsor other a lacquer is tect. andfix' same.

,material as well as on the surfaces of articles oi consists therein,that thev sign. Thereupon a layer of a polishable material is applied tosaid uppermost layer, so that the metal layer applied thereonsubsequently may adhere to the intermediate layers and may be polished.According to my new methods a single intermediate layer of mycomposition is sullicient, and the metal covering may be applieddirectly thereon. Apart from the fact, that at least quite a number ofsteps, i. e. the application of the plurality of intermediate layers andof the layer of polishable material, are omitted and a saving on workingtime is obtained, my picture frame is superior tol the hitherto knownframes, as it consists of a hard and solid mass, While the gypsum framesare formed by a fragile andvbrittle mass.

A further method to produce new and attractive metallic eiiects on ahardened intermediate relief layer with projecting and depressed partsconsists therein, that a layer of varnish, which may be colored ornon-colored, is applied to the hardened intermediate layer, whereupon ametal powder is deposited on said layer of varnish by spraying, blowingor powdering thereon, while the varnish is still Wet. As the powder islighter than the varnish, the powder remains substantially on theprojecting parts of the relief design, while the depressed parts arecoveredwith varnish only, i. e. the depressed parts remain free frommetal; powder. While preferably the intermediate relief layer is formedby my new coating material, as it enhances the adherence of. theparticles of the covering to the relief layer, any other composition,which hardens, may be used.

Coloring earths, pigment colors or lake colors, which are alfkaliresistant to a certain degree, may be added to the mixture, if desired.VSuitable coloring earths are ochre, umber and sienna for example,suitable pigment colors are cobalt-blue, ultramarine-blue, etc., andsuitable lake colors are lithol-red, Hansa-yellow, etc.

An important feature of my inventionis the use oi' minerals, which havediiferent sizes of grain and degree of hardness. Such ground mineralsmay be silicates, granite, basalt or lava having a hardness/of 6-8according to the scale of hardness (Mohs scale) and a size of grainallowing 45 tov 50% to pass through a sieve of 325 mesh per sq. inch,/65 to '70% to pass through a sieve of'200 mesh per sq. inch, 75 to 80%to pass through a sieve of 100 mesh per sq. inch, 95 to 100% to passthrough a sieve of'50 mesh per sq.

inch. Other ground minerals are limestone or chalk having a hardness of3-5 according to the scale of hardness (Mohs scale) and a size of /grainallowing to 60% to pass through a sieve of 325 mesh per sq. inch, to 75%to pass through a sieve of 200 mesh per sq. inch, to to pass through asieve'of 100 mesh per se inch, to pass through a sieve of 50 mesh persq. inch.

casein, albumin, a resin emulsion or the like, `and water are adapted tobe uged as binding means. Y Y

My invention., will be illustrated by the following: y

` Example Parts by weight Ground basalt 32 Ground limestone 27 Groundlava 18 Coloring means 4 are thoroughly mixed with' each other, wherebythe minerals have the 'of hardness as mentioned above. In order to sizeof grain and degreeA bind the powdery materials, a solution is pre- WhatI claim is: pared, which consists of 20 parts of weight of An article ofmanufacture having on its surcasein mixed with 50 parts of weight ofwater, face a coating comprising an intermediate layer to which 4 partsof weight of borax dissolved of ahardened composition of amixture ofground- 5 4in 10 parts of water are added. Furthermore, 2 minerals,coloring matter and binding means, Darts 0f Weigh-ii 0f resin Soapproduced by bOiisaid minerals being selected from the group coning 8mixture 0f 10 Paris 0f Weight 0f resin and sisting of silicates,volcanic minerals and cal- 2 parts of Weight of calcined Soda and 100Darts careous minerals, the minerals used having diiof weight of waterare added Such an amount v ferent size of grain and degree of hardness,seid l0 of the combined liquids is added to the mixture binding meanscontaining a mixture of two dif- Of minerais and coloring means, that athick ferent glues, one of said gluesbeing deposited paste 1s obtained.This paste may be diluted from s mixture consisting of substantially 2owith Water, S0 that a maSS iS Pldued. Which parts of weight of caseinmixed with substantialhas a consistentie permitting it to e applied 0nA1y 4 parts of weight of borsx dissolved in sub- 15 e backing by means0f a brush Spatula 0r Spreyi stantiaiiy 1o parte of weight e: water, theother en After the application 0f -the mass t0 the glue being depositedfrom a mixture consisting backing by means 0f a brush Spatula 01'Sprayer of substantially 2 parts of weight of a resin soap a reliefdesign is given to the mass' which is produced by boiling a mixture ofsubstantially Stm in Pasti' Condition by means of 9' Toner 10 parts ofweight o resin and substantially 2 20 c'Iohmb, spatula, brush or anyother suitable tool. vparts of weight of calcined soda and substantiallyet? the tass causedniio haffden to forma' 100 parts of weight of water,and said composiga n'l bi1' i hardeb ng niilzf Igassit'lhe tion havinginterstices on the surface, and a top yer us o a ne may e me a d y e erlayer of metal particles, said top layer being anone of the abovedescribed methods.

25 I have described preferred embodiments of my ixoled in saidinterstices of said intermediate invention but it is clear that numerouschangesand omissions may1 be madewithout departing HERBERT E. FEIST.

from the spirit of my invention.

